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<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>We have run a black knot program the last 10 years when southern
Alberta started to have major issues. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>We inspect all public cherries in early May (before leaf) and
again in August (for new infections)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>If a plant is found we perform a concentric survey inspection of
both public and private parcel cherries and hand out information leaflets to
home owners<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>We inspect all nursery stock we buy and what the local
greenhouses/vendors buy in May<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>When an infected tree is found we find out where the tree was
bought (so far with the exception of a few Canadian Tire trees most have been
from respectable nurseries)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>5.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Amur still get black knot here<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>6.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>We deal with the diseased wood the same as noxious weed seed
heads. Landfill it and ask for “immediate cover”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>7.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Black Knot hasn’t been nasty enough here yet to trial any
biological controls and most trees are found before more than a few braches
need to be removed so tree mortality is at 1 or 2 per year.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>8.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>These measures have kept BK under control so far however the
number of cases has doubled each of the last 3 years so what really has to
happen is better regulation in the nursery trade. Hopefully the Nursery
Certification Program continues to gather momentum.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Jim Donnelly<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Integrated Pest Management Coordinator<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Parks </span><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Operations</span><span lang=EN-CA
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>City of Grande Prairie, AB.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Tel: 780-513-5226<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Fax: 780-532-7588<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Cell: 780-814-3763 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-CA style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><a href="mailto:jdonnelly@cityofgp.com">jdonnelly@cityofgp.com</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> canufnet-bounces@list.web.net
[mailto:canufnet-bounces@list.web.net] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Trevor Thistle<br>
<b>Sent:</b> February 10, 2010 1:42 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'canufnet@list.web.net'<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Kim Bendle; Costigan; Marshall Mithrush; Travis Kennedy; Rogers;
Prutton; Megan; Dan Chouinard; Mark Wartenbe; Bonnie Fermanuik; Norm; Suzana
Bodnar; Doug; John Helder; Bev Minsky; Guy Nighbor<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [CANUFNET] Black knot problems in Edmonton<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>To Whom It May Concern:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>For the past few years the City of Edmonton has been
experiencing an outbreak of black knot (<i>Apiosporina morbosa</i>).
Edmonton’s urban forestry unit, River Valley Forestry and Environmental
Services (RVFES) has been responding by pruning out the visible fruiting
bodies, and by removing trees that are beyond saving. However, if we continue
these practices we will eventually end up removing thousands of our valuable
ornamental trees of the genus <i>Prunus</i>. So, we are asking other
municipalities about their experience with this fungal pathogen and what steps
they have taken to battle black knot. RVFES would greatly appreciate if you
could aid us in our fight against black knot by taking the time to answer the
following questions.<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:37.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]>Does your region have problems with black knot?
If so do you have a campaign or strategy for combating it? If yes, how do you
communicate your strategy to the public, and what do you do
to encourage citizens to take care of black knot on their
own trees?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:37.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]>If your municipality does treat for black knot,
what treatments were and were not successful?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:37.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]>How serious is black knot mortality in your
municipality?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:37.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]>Aside from Amur cherry, do you know of any black
knot resistant varieties? Have you had success with any of these varieties?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:37.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]>How does your municipality dispose of infected
material?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:37.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><![if !supportLists]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]>Has your municipality tried or had any success
with the biological control agent, <i>Trichothecium roseum</i> (fungal
parasite)?<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Thank you for you time, <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Trevor Thistle <span style='font-size:7.5pt'>B.Sc.
(Forestry)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Urban Forester & ISA Certified Arborist<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>The City of Edmonton, Asset Management and Public Works<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>River Valley Forestry and Environmental Services<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Email: trevor.thistle@edmonton.ca<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Ph: (780) 944-7833<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Fax: (780) 496-4978<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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