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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: cambria, serif; color: #425010;">Canadian Urban Forest Network: Ontario Region Update</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: cambria, serif; color: #425010;"> </span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: cambria, serif; color: #083643;">Peter Wynnyczuk, Executive Director Ontario Urban Forest Council</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: cambria, serif; color: #083643;">Regional Representative Ontario Region,
</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: cambria, serif; color: #083643;">July 6, 2016</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #083643;"> </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><img width="308" height="231" align="right" hspace="5" vspace="5" name="ACCOUNT.IMAGE.454" alt="" style="width: 3.2083in; height: 2.4062in;" src="https://mlsvc01-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/a7dc0313201/e83cbb76-0eb6-4de4-a300-335a6ab2c103.jpg"><b><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Where
did it all start?</span></b><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">In the late 1920's tree services such as Davey, and Cedarvale started providing tree services to residents and businesses.</span></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">In the 1950's with the arrival of Dutch Elm Disease, it highlighted tree care and removal in urban areas during this crisis which occurred
before bucket trucks and light chainsaws. Ontario Shade Tree Council, OSTC, pre Ontario Urban Forest Council, OUFC, formed at University of Toronto, with Eric Jorgenson and others to identify opportunities to reduce the prevalence of Dutch Elm disease.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">One of the outcomes of development in the 1960's and 70's was the formation of Urban Forestry Section in Municipalities. This trend continued
to spread as maturing urban trees required the attention and increased tree planting programs due to development pressures. This help to develop tree inventories and better maintenance practices.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Due to trees being removed for development in the High Park Area in the 1990's, City of Toronto Council passed a private tree bylaw. This
concept has spread to many other municipalities since.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Urban Forest Management Plans, UFMP, gained momentum in the early part of this century for more developed municipalities. Ice storms have
focussed on results of poorly managed trees with resulting hardship.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Where are we now?</span></b><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Local Enhancement and Appreciation of Forests, LEAF, Green Infrastructure Ontario, GIO, Neighbourwoods programs, community groups all contribute
to greening efforts.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Provincial Policy Statement notes Green infrastructure and the future impacts of Cap and Trade on municipalities when finalized by the Province.
Community outreach, tree planting consultation on private lands, workshops around urban forest issues, community plantings are all part of the matrix of activities in Ontario Region by many organizations.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><img width="250" height="190" align="left" hspace="5" vspace="5" name="ACCOUNT.IMAGE.455" alt="" style="width: 2.6041in; height: 1.9791in;" src="https://mlsvc01-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/a7dc0313201/fc1dcbcd-2f75-4415-8b3b-e3c01771d072.jpg"><b><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Some
challenges:</span></b><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Consumer protection and worker safety are of significant concern that may lead to licencing or mandatory Arborist status in future. Ministry
of Labour is carrying out a safety blitz of Tree services in Spring/Summer 2016.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Not being a regulated trade, creates challenges for consumers and increases risks for employees who lack proper training in this post "Ice
Storm of 2013" period. A unique Heritage tree situation is the Coral Gables Oak protection, which will be an interesting project. The City of Toronto is involved in the matter. Stay tuned for this one.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Storms, short-term challenges, and imported pests create significant long-term challenges with eventual species extinction due to importation
of invasive pests, "the uncosted aspect of International Trade".</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: cambria, serif; color: #425010;">Réseau canadien de la forêt urbaine - Mise à jour pour la région de l'Ontario</span></b><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: cambria, serif; color: #425010;"> </span></b></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: cambria, serif; color: #425010;">Peter Wynnyczuk, directeur exécutif de l'</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: cambria, serif; color: #425010;">Ontario Urban Forest Council</span></b><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: cambria, serif; color: #425010;"></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: cambria, serif; color: #425010;">Représentant régional pour la région de l'Ontario, l
</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: cambria, serif; color: #425010;">e 6 juillet 2016</span></b></p>
</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #083643;"> </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><img width="310" height="233" align="right" hspace="5" vspace="5" name="ACCOUNT.IMAGE.454" alt="" style="width: 3.2291in; height: 2.427in;" src="https://mlsvc01-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/a7dc0313201/e83cbb76-0eb6-4de4-a300-335a6ab2c103.jpg"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Tout
au début...</span></b><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Vers la fin des années 1920, des entreprises arboricoles comme Davey et Cedarvale ont commencé à fournir leurs services aux résidences et
aux commerces.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Dans les années 1950, l'arrivée de la maladie hollandaise de l'orme a fait ressortir l'importance de l'entretien et de l'enlèvement
des arbres pendant cette crise, qui est survenue avant que les camions nacelles et les scies à chaîne légères soient disponibles. L'Ontario
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Shade Tree Council</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> (OSTC), qui a précédé l'Ontario
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Urban Forest Council</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> (OUFC), a été formé à l'Université de Toronto avec Eric
Jorgensen et d'autres personnes pour identifier les possibilités de réduire la présence de cette maladie.</span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Un des résultats du développement dans les années 1960 et 1970 a été la formation d'une section de foresterie urbaine dans
certaines municipalités. Cette tendance s'est poursuivie avec l'attention accrue requise par la présence d'arbres urbains plus matures et un plus grand nombre de programmes de plantation mis sur pied pour répondre aux pressions du développement. Ceci a favorisé
la réalisation d'inventaires forestiers et l'adoption de pratiques d'entretien des arbres.</span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">À la suite de l'enlèvement d'arbres dans la zone de High Park pour permettre le développement urbain dans les années 1990,
le conseil de la ville de Toronto a adopté un règlement administratif sur les arbres privés. Ce concept a ensuite été repris par plusieurs autres municipalités.</span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Les plans de gestion de la forêt urbaine sont devenus populaires au début de ce nouveau siècle dans les municipalités plus
développées. Les tempêtes de verglas ont fait ressortir les résultats d'une mauvaise gestion des arbres et des problèmes qui s'ensuivent.</span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Maintenant...</span></b><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Local Enhancement and Appreciation of Forests (LEAF), Green Infrastructure Ontario (GIO) Coalition, les programmes
</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Neighbourwoods</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">et les groupes communautaires contribuent tous leurs efforts de
verdissement.</span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">La déclaration de principes provinciale mentionne l'infrastructure verte et les répercussions futures des programmes de plafonnement
et d'échange sur les municipalités. Des projets de vulgarisation communautaire, des consultations sur la plantation d'arbres sur les terres privées, la tenue d'ateliers sur des questions de la foresterie urbaine et les plantations communautaires font tous
partie d'un ensemble d'activités entreprises par divers organismes dans la région de l'Ontario.</span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><img width="250" height="190" align="left" hspace="5" vspace="5" name="ACCOUNT.IMAGE.455" alt="" style="width: 2.6041in; height: 1.9791in;" src="https://mlsvc01-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/a7dc0313201/fc1dcbcd-2f75-4415-8b3b-e3c01771d072.jpg"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Certains
défis...</span></b><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">La protection des consommateurs et la sécurité des travailleurs sont des points importants qui pourraient entraîner l'octroi de permis ou
l'accréditation obligatoire des arboristes dans l'avenir. Le ministère du Travail a effectué une campagne-éclair au printemps/à l'été 2016 sur l'importance de services arboricoles sécuritaires.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Le fait que ces services ne soient pas réglementés pose des défis aux consommateurs et augmente les risques pour les employés
qui ne possèdent pas toujours la formation requise après l'ère de la tempête de verglas de 2013. Un projet qui sera intéressant à suivre et auquel participe la ville de Toronto est celui des arbres du patrimoine visant la protection des chênes de
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Coral Gables</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">.</span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;">Les tempêtes, les problèmes à court terme et les ravageurs exotiques créent des défis à long terme en menaçant certaines essences
d'extinction. Il est important de calculer les « coûts cachés du commerce international » causés par l'importation des espèces envahissantes.</span><span style="font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #083643;">Adrina Bardekjian, MFC, PhD</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #083643;"></span></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #083643;">Program Manager, Urban Forestry | Gestionnaire des programmes en foresterie urbaine</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #083643;"></span></p>
<p align="center" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #083643;">Tree Canada/Arbres Canada</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', sans-serif; color: #083643;"><a href="mailto:abardekjian@treecanada.ca" target="_blank"><span style="color: #6e7e57;">abardekjian@treecanada.ca</span></a>
/ <a href="mailto:abardekjian@arbrescanada.ca" target="_blank"><span style="color: #6e7e57;">abardekjian@arbrescanada.ca</span></a></span></p>
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