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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Atlantic Urban Forestry Collective: Highlighting urban forestry programs in Charlottetown, PEI</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "cambria",serif; color: #083643;">Heather Fraser - Regional Representative Atlantic Region,
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "cambria",serif; color: #083643;">January 9, 2017</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">The City of Charlottetown, PEI, under
</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Beth Hoar, Parkland Conservationist and ISA Certified Arborist,
</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">has had a busy few years after completing a street tree inventory in 2015 and using that inventory data as a proactive tool to manage the operational street tree program.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">The i-Tree Eco program sampled woodland and natural areas tree inventory as well with random plots in woodlands, riparian zones, and hedgerows
across Charlottetown recording information on every tree within the plot. The information recorded included: species composition, location, number of trees, tree height, density, canopy spread, structural condition, overall health, maintenance required, overhead
utilities, ownership and comments. This information</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> created an effective and efficient tree maintenance schedule for pruning, removals, watering, helped to develop strategic
tree planting plans, assisted with developing management strategies for invasive species, presence of insect pests and diseases, assisted with creating tree protection policies. Through this program we can make inquiries about tree species:
<i>Where are the native trees? Do we have invasive tree species; what and where are they located? How many different tree species do we have in the community? Do we have too many of any particular species? Maximum percentage that should be present in the street
tree population, how many trees are of similar age, what trees are susceptible to boring insect pests?</i>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Charlottetown found answers all these questions and was able to make management decisions. One in particular was that they needed
to stop planting Norway maples, as they are an invasive species. The City had not been planting Norway maples in parks or as street trees for a number of years, information they knew before the survey but the street tree study confirmed it. All of the questions
above and more are important to know your tree community.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Goals of the inventory were to gain a better understanding of the urban forest as a whole allowing for knowledgeable evaluation, proactive
plans, efficient operations and advocacy for urban forests. The inventory identified native trees, invasive species, variety of species, age, distribution, GPS locations, vacant sites where future trees could be planted.</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">
Collect ongoing data, track activities such as pruning and create cyclical pruning schedules, identify planting spaces, etc. Monitoring - what needs extra attention, catch issues early, be proactive, tree hazard management, greater safety, all issues needing
to be addressed when dealing with trees.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Objectives:</span></b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">to increase forest
health, increase biodiversity, encourage forest succession, reduce forest fragmentation, prune for healthy tree structure, remove invasive species, habitat conservation/creation, improve the aesthetic quality of the park and woodlands, provide educational
outreach and nature information, offer the public an opportunity to participate.
</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Charlottetown just finished the second year of an aggressive Dutch Elm Disease Management Program as well. Less than 45% of the City's elms
(private and public) remain, some of which are very large and impressive. The beauty of the inventory is an ongoing annual monitoring program that is proactive, detects issues early, allows for planning and budgets and helps reduce the spread of DED in the
community.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">The key to successful Dutch Elm Disease Management for Charlottetown is sanitation, if proper sanitation is not carried out
(timely removal of all DED infected trees and proper disposal) all other management activities will fail. The ideal time to do elm management is in the winter months when the elm bark beetles are hibernating. Other critical steps in the management process
include: monitoring, tree planting, communication, education and community engagement. If managing to control DED and to save healthy elms - it is important that privately owned elms are managed also. Dutch Elm Disease in Charlottetown was first recorded on
PEI in the late 1970's; Charlottetown has been dealing with DED since 1996 as are many municipalities in Atlantic Canada.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Some of the statistics on the DED management plan (private and public trees) are as follows:</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* 2014/2015 elm inventory - total of 790 (private and public elms)</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* 2015 (Spring and Fall) - 344 DED infected elms removed</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* 2016 (Fall) - 96 DED infected elms to be removed</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Healthy elms remaining - 355 (214 private, 141 public) = @45%</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: blue;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Other urban forest pests that are currently being monitored include:</span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Emerald ash borer (EAB) kills ash trees - Charlottetown has 314 ash in the street tree inventory knowing where they are and
being able to carry out ongoing monitoring is critical to their survival</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* EAB is found in Ontario and Quebec</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* EAB could easily be moved to PEI in wood products or in firewood</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Gypsy moth - found in greater Charlottetown and Summerside area</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Japanese beetle - found from Cornwall to Charlottetown (spreading)</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Elm bark beetles - vector for Dutch elm disease</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Other invasive forest pests that we are conscious of, but are not yet on PEI:</span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Asian longhorned beetle - two detections in Ontario</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Brown spruce longhorn beetle - found in Nova Scotia</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Hemlock woolly adelgid - found in the Eastern States along the Canadian border and in Ontario</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Pine shoot beetle - found in Maine, Quebec, Ontario and recently in New Brunswick</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Beech leaf-mining weevil - found in Nova Scotia</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Spotted lanternfly - Pennsylvania</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Many invasive insects are spread on wood packaging material, firewood, shipping containers, nursery stock.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: blue;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Between 2014-2016, ongoing monitoring has been an important part of a proactive tree management program to help detect issues
early (less costly to eradicate/manage). It also allows for effective planning, a targeted monitoring program, reduces spread of DED and saves our healthy elms for as long as possible. Some of the reasons we restore Urban Woodland Projects include: public
concern, environmental benefits, educational opportunities, human health and aesthetics (beautiful, relaxing and peaceful), urban wildlife habitat, recreational opportunities, and park pride.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">In 2016we expanded the cities woodlands, reduced the number of trails, planted many native plant species of trees, shrubs, wildflowers
and ferns. The City developed a nature education program along with creating a native tree and shrub arboretum for the public to enjoy. They also carried out invasive species management working on conservation measures for Dead Man's Pond, while pruning for
structure and safety.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Native Tree and Shrub Plantings 2016</span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Large Caliper Street Trees - 125
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Victoria Park - 163
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Confederation Forest - 98
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* West Royalty Centre - 162</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Total = 548 plantings took place between 2012-16</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Charlottetown Public Properties 16,500 trees, shrubs </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: "cambria",serif; color: #083643;">L'Atlantic Urban Forestry Collective - Aperçu des programmes de foresterie urbaine à Charlottetown,
</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: "cambria",serif; color: #083643;">Î.-P.-É.</span></b><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: "cambria",serif; color: #083643;"></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "cambria",serif; color: #425010;">Heather Fraser - représentante de la région de l'Atlantique du RCFU, l
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "cambria",serif; color: #425010;">e 9 janvier 2017</span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">La ville de Charlottetown,
</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Î.-P.-É.</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">, sous la supervision de M<sup>me</sup></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Beth
Hoar, agente de protection de la nature dans les forêts-parcs et arboriste agréée de l'ISA, n'a pas chômé ces dernières années avec la réalisation d'un inventaire des arbres de rue en 2015 et l'utilisation des données recueillies comme un outil proactif pour
gérer le programme d'action sur les arbres de rue.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Le programme i-Tree Eco a échantillonné les stocks d'arbres dans les zones boisées et les zones naturelles ainsi que dans des
parcelles choisies au hasard dans des boisés, des zones riveraines et des haies un peu partout à Charlottetown. De l'information a été recueillie sur chaque arbre dans ces parcelles. Cette information comprenait la composition des essences, l'emplacement,
le nombre d'arbres, la hauteur des arbres, la densité et l'étendue du couvert, la structure de la forêt, la santé globale, l'entretien requis, les services publics aériens, le droit de propriété et des commentaires. Ces renseignements ont permis d'établir
un calendrier d'entretien efficace et efficient pour l'élagage, l'enlèvement et l'arrosage des arbres, en plus d'aider à élaborer des stratégies de gestion des espèces envahissantes, à surveiller les maladies et insectes ravageurs et à mettre sur pied des
politiques de protection des arbres. Avec ce programme, nous pouvons répondre à des questions sur les essences d'arbres :
<i>Où sont les arbres indigènes? Avons-nous des essences d'arbres envahissantes; quelles sont-elles et où sont-elles? Combien d'essences d'arbres différentes avons-nous dans la collectivité? Y a-t-il des essences que nous avons en trop grand nombre? Quel est
le pourcentage maximal que nous devrions avoir dans la population d'arbres de rue? Combien d'arbres sont du même âge? Quels arbres sont vulnérables à l'infestation d'insectes qui ravagent le bois?</i></span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Charlottetown a obtenu des réponses à toutes ces questions et a été en mesure de prendre des décisions de gestion. La ville
a réalisé, entre autres, qu'elle devait cesser de planter des érables de Norvège (érables planes) car ils sont une essence envahissante. La ville ne plantait plus cette essence dans les parcs et les rues depuis quelques années car elle possédait déjà cette
information mais l'inventaire des arbres de rue a permis de la confirmer. Les questions indiquées ci-haut et bien d'autres sont importantes pour mieux connaître les populations d'arbres dans la collectivité.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">L'inventaire a été effectué pour mieux comprendre la forêt urbaine dans son ensemble afin de permettre une évaluation se fondant
sur des données concrètes, l'élaboration de plans proactifs, des opérations efficientes et la promotion des forêts urbaines. L'inventaire a identifié les espèces indigènes, les espèces envahissantes, la variété, l'âge et la répartition des essences, les emplacements
avec le système GPS ainsi que les sites vacants où des arbres pourraient être plantés. Des données sont maintenant recueillies sur une base permanente; les activités sont suivies, comme l'élagage, et des calendriers d'élagage cyclique sont dressés; les espaces
de plantation sont identifiés, etc. On peut surveiller ce qui mérite plus d'attention; déceler les problèmes à leur début; être proactif; gérer les arbres qui posent des risques; assurer une plus grande sécurité - des points qui ont tous besoin d'être traités
en foresterie.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Objectifs :</span></b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Améliorer la santé
forestière; accroître la biodiversité; promouvoir la succession forestière; réduire la fragmentation des forêts; élaguer en visant une structure des arbres plus saine; enlever les espèces envahissantes; protéger/aménager des habitats; améliorer l'aspect esthétique
des parcs et des terrains boisés; éduquer et renseigner le public sur la nature; offrir au public des possibilités de participer.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Charlottetown termine également la deuxième année d'un programme de lutte agressive contre la maladie hollandaise de l'orme.
Moins de 45 % des ormes de la ville (privés et publics) sont encore là et certains sont très gros et impressionnants. L'inventaire comprend un programme annuel de surveillance continue qui est proactif, permet de déceler les problèmes sans tarder, favorise
la planification et l'établissement de budgets tout en aidant à réduire la propagation de cette maladie dans la collectivité.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">La clé d'un programme réussi de gestion de la maladie hollandaise de l'orme à Charlottetown est l'assainissement. S'il n'y a
pas des activités appropriées d'assainissement (enlèvement et destruction de tous les arbres infectés en temps opportun), toutes les autres activités de gestion échoueront. Le meilleur moment de l'année pour gérer les ormes est en hiver lorsque les scolytes
de l'orme sont en hibernation. D'autres étapes cruciales du processus de gestion comprennent la surveillance, la plantation d'arbres, la communication, l'éducation et la participation communautaire. Lors de la gestion de la lutte contre la maladie hollandaise
de l'orme et des efforts déployés pour sauver les arbres en santé, il est très important de gérer également les ormes qui sont situés sur des propriétés privées. La maladie hollandaise de l'orme a été observée pour la première fois sur l'</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Î.-P.-É.</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">à
la fin des années 1970 et Charlottetown lutte contre cette maladie depuis 1996, tout comme plusieurs autres municipalités du Canada atlantique.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Voici des statistiques sur le plan de gestion de la maladie hollandaise de l'orme (arbres privés et publics) :</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Inventaire des ormes en 2014-2015 - total de 790 ormes (privés et publics)</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* 2015 (printemps et automne) - 344 arbres infectés ont été enlevés</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* 2016 (automne) - 96 arbres infectés seront enlevés</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Ormes en santé restants - 355 (214 privés, 141 publics) = environ 45 %</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Autres ravageurs de la forêt urbaine qui sont présentement surveillés </span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Agrile du frêne (qui tue les frênes) - Charlottetown a 314 frênes dans son inventaire d'arbres de rue; le fait de savoir où
ils se trouvent et de pouvoir les surveiller est essentiel pour assurer leur survie</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* On trouve l'agrile du frêne en Ontario et au Québec</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* L'agrile du frêne pourrait facilement être amené à l'</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Î.-P.-É.
dans des produits du bois ou du bois de chauffage</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Spongieuse - On la trouve dans la région du Grand Charlottetown et de Summerside</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Scarabée japonais - On le trouve de Cornwall à Charlottetown (il se propage)</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Scolyte de l'orme - C'est un vecteur de la maladie hollandaise de l'orme</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Autres ravageurs des forêts dont nous sommes conscients mais qui n'ont pas encore envahi l'</span></b><b><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Î.-P.-É.</span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Longicorne asiatique - Décelé deux fois en Ontario</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Longicorne brun de l'épinette - On le trouve en Nouvelle-Écosse</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">*
</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Puceron lanigère de la pruche</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">- On le trouve dans les états de l'Est le long de la
frontière canadienne et en Ontario</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">*
</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Grand hylésine des pins</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">- On le trouve au Maine, au Québec, en Ontario et, récemment,
au Nouveau-Brunswick</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Orcheste du hêtre - On le trouve en Nouvelle-Écosse</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">*
</span><span lang="FR" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Fulgore tacheté</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">- On le trouve en Pennsylvanie</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Plusieurs insectes envahissants se propagent en voyageant sur du matériel d'emballage du bois, du bois de chauffage, des conteneurs
de transport et du matériel de pépinière.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: blue;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Entre 2014 et 2016, des activités continues de surveillance ont fait partie d'un programme de gestion d'arbres proactif pour
aider à déceler les problèmes de ravageurs dès leur début (les coûts de lutte/gestion sont alors moindres). Ceci favorise également une planification plus efficace, un programme de surveillance ciblé, une réduction de la propagation de la maladie hollandaise
de l'orme et la préservation des ormes en santé le plus longtemps possible. Les raisons qui sous-tendent les projets de remise en valeur des boisés urbains comprennent les préoccupations du public, les bienfaits environnementaux, les possibilités éducatives,
la santé humaine et l'aspect esthétique (beauté, relaxation, calme), l'habitat de la faune urbaine, les possibilités récréatives et la fierté associée à de beaux parcs.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">En 2016,nous avons étendu les terres boisées de la ville, réduit le nombre de sentiers et planté plusieurs espèces d'arbres,
d'arbustes, de fleurs sauvages et de fougères indigènes. La ville a élaboré un programme de sensibilisation à la nature tout en créant un arboretum d'arbres et d'arbustes indigènes pour le public. Des activités de gestion des espèces envahissantes ont également
été réalisées pour essayer de protéger </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Dead Man's Pond</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> tout en élaguant les arbres pour assurer
leur structure et leur sécurité.</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Arbres et arbustes indigènes plantés en 2016</span></b><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Arbres de rue de grand calibre - 125
</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Parc Victoria - 163
</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Forêt de la Confédération - 98
</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">* Centre
</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">West Royalty</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"> - 162</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">
</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Total = 548 arbres et arbustes indigènes ont été plantés entre 2012 et 2016</span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;">Charlottetown a 16 500 arbres et arbustes sur des propriétés publiques </span><span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #425010;"></span></p>
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<p align="center" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #083643;">Adrina Bardekjian, MFC, PhD</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #083643;"></span></b></p>
<p align="center" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #083643;">Program Manager, Urban Forestry | Gestionnaire des programmes en foresterie urbaine</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #083643;"></span></p>
<p align="center" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #083643;">Tree Canada/Arbres Canada</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "trebuchet ms",sans-serif; color: #083643;"></span></p>
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/ <a href="mailto:abardekjian@arbrescanada.ca" target="_blank"><span style="color: #6e7e57;">abardekjian@arbrescanada.ca</span></a></span></p>
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