<div dir="ltr">Just as an addendum, ideally we should be encouraging native pollinators, and not necessarily European imported honeybees.<div><br></div><div>A study of two species of native solitary bees in Toronto found that they actually gathered most of their pollen resources from clover and from two wind-pollinated tree species (<i>Quercus</i> and <i>Betula</i>) rather than insect pollinated trees.</div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://www.yorku.ca/bugsrus/resources/publications/2014%20MacIvor,%20Cabral%20and%20Packer.pdf">https://www.yorku.ca/bugsrus/resources/publications/2014%20MacIvor,%20Cabral%20and%20Packer.pdf</a> </div><div><br></div><div>For general pollinator support, trees that produce plenty of both pollen and nectar include maple (<i>Acer</i>), horse chestnut & buckeye (<i>Aesculus</i>), and linden (<i>Tilia</i>).</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr style="height:112px"><td style="border-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:rgb(255,255,255);vertical-align:top;padding:7px"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:14.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap;background-color:transparent"><img src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/AhWxxPie7JkSUy_NPIBf2BHeHvgKOtZCFcnG-l1rO14v1HRq11O9NM7YyZmyduCNeQ529-6L09QtnO_2VmwISnvOIJg16guXFgI_NEapPGtJRD0w6pG_XQSuGbjKqKZzTuJL2tf7" alt="Edmonton_sig_RGB_S.jpg" width="74" height="74" class="gmail-CToWUd" style="border: none;"></span></p></td><td style="border-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:rgb(255,255,255);vertical-align:top;padding:7px"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:14.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-weight:700;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap;background-color:transparent">Mike Jenkins</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="line-height:1.2;font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(81,81,81);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">PEST COORDINATOR<br></span><font color="#515151" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.6667px;white-space:pre-wrap">ANIMAL CARE & PEST MANAGEMENT</span></font></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(81,81,81);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">CITIZEN SERVICES | COMMUNITY STANDARDS & NEIGHBOURHOODS</span></p><br><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(17,85,204);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">780-496-6395</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap"> </span><span style="font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">OFFICE</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(17,85,204);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">780-918-7731</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap"> </span><span style="font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">MOBILE</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><br></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(81,81,81);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">CITY OF EDMONTON </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(81,81,81);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">PEST MANAGEMENT</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><font color="#515151" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:12px;line-height:14.4px;white-space:pre-wrap">12312 - 107 ST</span></font></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(81,81,81);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">Edmonton AB T5G 2S7</span></p><br><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(146,146,146);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">All information contained in this email post is proprietary to the City of Edmonton, confidential and intended only for the addressed recipient. If you have received this post in error, please disregard the contents, inform the sender of the misdirection, and remove it from your system. The copying, dissemination or distribution of this email, if misdirected, is strictly prohibited.</span><span style="font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(146,146,146);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap"><br></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, 4 Mar 2020 at 13:45, owen croy via CANUFNET <<a href="mailto:canufnet@list.web.net">canufnet@list.web.net</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr">Most trees used in urban hard surface areas do not produce enough fruit to be bothersome in the way that has been described. e.g. elms, maples, oaks, iron-wood, ornamental cherries and plums, beech, hornbeam, Korean dogwood etc<br><br>Many ornamental trees that produce fruit can and should be used in park settings and people's where there are no hard surfaces to become sticky/slippery/smelly, as they provide food for birds and look gorgeous when in bloom. Examples would be hawthorns, crab apple, some dogwoods, etc<br><br>Nut-bearing trees should also be considered for park spaces and yards, as they can provide food for both animals and humans, and don’t impact people negatively when planted away from hard surface areas.<br><br>Edible fruit-bearing trees should be planted by home-owners and in community garden areas to be ‘slow’ food sources that do not have to be transported and can be picked ripe and consumed fresh.<br><br>Most conifers planted as ornamentals have both sexes on the same tree (dioecious) so sex selection is not an issue. However, those that produce large cones should be planted in garden beds to prevent nuisance issues from arising. <br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div>Here in the coastal areas of British Columbia, pollen from native trees such as black cottonwood, growing in ravines and other natural areas, fills the air in the spring, probably in greater volumes than produced by non-native urban trees.</div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div>We want to encourage pollinators, not discourage them, so plant females that flower! As always, plant trees that are suitable for the spaces in which they will grow to maturity.</div><div><br></div><div>Owen Croy</div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, 4 Mar 2020 at 07:04, Rebecca Seltzer via CANUFNET <<a href="mailto:canufnet@list.web.net" target="_blank">canufnet@list.web.net</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div lang="EN-US">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a name="m_-1237979829980999153_m_-8030321751055746651__Hlk17366913">Hello everyone,<u></u><u></u></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>We at Tree Canada just received some questions from a reporter at the Guardian, and I thought it would be good to share with the wider urban forestry community. Please do contact Ally Hirschlag directly
with your comments.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><b>Context:<u></u><u></u></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>“Male trees are cleaner and easier to manage than female trees. Unlike their female counterparts, distinctly male plants produce pollen but do not produce seeds, pods and fruit, which fall to the
ground and create mess. Female trees also attract pests, including bees, because they provide a source of food.”
</span><a href="https://globalnews.ca/news/5403667/botanical-sexism-climate-change-asthma-allergies/" target="_blank"><span>Source</span><span></span></a><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>“Commercial horticulture produces vast numbers of all-male clonal selections from dioecious plants […] Close to 100% of all the ash (<i>Fraxinus)</i>, poplar (<i>Populus),
</i>pistache <i>(Pistacia), </i>bay laurel <i>(Laurus), </i>junipers<i> (Juniperus),
</i>willows<i> (Salix), </i>gingko tree <i>(Gingko), </i>Griselinia<i> (Griselinia),
</i>mulberries<i> (Morus), </i>yellowwood<i> (Podocarpus), </i>locust<i> (Gleditsia)
</i>and logwoods <i>(Xylosma) </i>sold are clonal males.” </span><a href="https://books.google.ca/books?redir_esc=y&id=pAJCDwAAQBAJ&q=clonal+males#v=snippet&q=clonal%20males&f=false" target="_blank"><span>Source</span><span></span></a><span><i><span style="font-size:12pt"><u></u><u></u></span></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><b><u></u> <u></u></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><b>The questions:<u></u><u></u></b></span></p>
<ul type="disc">
<li style="margin-left:0in">
<span>In Canada, has there been a significant proportion of entirely male trees or male clones planted in urban areas? Why has this trend been perpetuated?<u></u><u></u></span></li><li style="margin-left:0in">
<span>Has this caused an uptick in pollen dispersal in urban communities?<u></u><u></u></span></li><li style="margin-left:0in">
<span>Do you know of specific communities in Canada looking to lower their pollen count by adding more female trees and/or less allergy-causing pollinators? <u></u><u></u></span></li><li style="margin-left:0in">
<span>What else are communities in Canada doing to combat worsening allergies in urban or suburban areas due to high tree pollen counts?<u></u><u></u></span></li></ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><b>Contact information:<u></u><u></u></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Ally Hirschlag<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span></span><a href="mailto:ally.hirschlag@gmail.com" target="_blank"><span>ally.hirschlag@gmail.com</span><span></span></a><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>2013144322<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Thank you all! <u></u>
<u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100%">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="12%" valign="top" style="width:12.26%;padding:0in 15pt 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:105%"><span><span style="font-size:12pt;line-height:105%;color:black"><img border="0" width="150" height="141" style="width: 1.5625in; height: 1.4687in;" id="gmail-m_-1237979829980999153gmail-m_-8030321751055746651Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:170a74181594cff311" alt="TreeCanada Logo"><u></u><u></u></span></span></p>
</td>
<td><span></span>
</td><td width="87%" style="width:87.74%;padding:0in">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="height:7.25pt">
<td width="580" valign="top" style="width:434.7pt;padding:0.75pt;height:7.25pt">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:105%"><span><b>Rebecca Seltzer<u></u><u></u></b></span></p>
</td>
<td><span></span>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height:26.65pt">
<td width="580" style="width:434.7pt;padding:0.75pt;height:26.65pt">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:105%"><span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:105%">Program Assistant | Assistante de Programme<span style="color:rgb(89,89,89)">
<br>
</span></span></span><span></span><a href="http://treecanada.ca" target="_blank"><span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:105%;color:rgb(5,99,193)">treecanada.ca</span></span><span></span></a><span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:105%">
</span></span><span></span><a href="https://arbrescanada.ca/" target="_blank"><span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:105%;color:rgb(5,99,193)">arbrescanada.ca</span></span><span></span></a><span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:105%"><u></u><u></u></span></span></p>
</td>
<td><span></span>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height:33.25pt">
<td width="580" style="width:434.7pt;padding:7.5pt 0.75pt 0.75pt;height:33.25pt">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:105%"><span></span><a href="https://www.facebook.com/TreeCanada/" target="_blank"><span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:105%;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:rgb(5,99,193);text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="23" height="36" style="width: 0.2395in; height: 0.375in;" id="gmail-m_-1237979829980999153gmail-m_-8030321751055746651Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:170a74181595b16b22" alt="Like Us On Facebook"></span></span><span></span></a><span></span><a href="https://www.instagram.com/treecanada/" target="_blank"><span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:105%;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:rgb(5,99,193);text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="28" height="37" style="width: 0.2916in; height: 0.3854in;" id="gmail-m_-1237979829980999153gmail-m_-8030321751055746651Picture_x0020_3" src="cid:170a741815a692e333" alt="Follow Us On Instagram"></span></span><span></span></a><span></span><a href="https://twitter.com/treecanada" target="_blank"><span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:105%;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;color:rgb(5,99,193);text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="38" height="35" style="width: 0.3958in; height: 0.3645in;" id="gmail-m_-1237979829980999153gmail-m_-8030321751055746651Picture_x0020_4" src="cid:170a741815a7745b44" alt="Follow Us On Twitter"></span></span><span></span></a><span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:105%">
<u></u><u></u></span></span></p>
</td>
<td><span></span>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height:11.35pt">
<td width="580" style="width:434.7pt;padding:0.75pt 0.75pt 3.75pt;height:11.35pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span></span><a href="https://cause2give.unxvision.com/EDMWeb/DonationForm.aspx?FormID=5&LanguageID=1" target="_blank"><span><b><span style="color:rgb(0,176,80)">Donate</span></b></span><span></span></a><span><b><span style="color:rgb(0,176,80)">
| </span></b></span><span></span><a href="https://treecanada.ca/plant-with-us/" target="_blank"><span><b><span style="color:rgb(0,176,80)">Plant with Tree Canada</span></b></span><span></span></a><span><b><span style="color:rgb(0,176,80)"><br>
</span></b></span><span></span><a href="https://cause2give.unxvision.com/EDMWeb/DonationForm.aspx?FormID=5&LanguageID=2" target="_blank"><span><b><span style="color:rgb(0,176,80)">Faites
un don</span></b></span><span></span></a><span><b><span style="color:rgb(0,176,80)"> |
</span></b></span><span></span><a href="https://arbrescanada.ca/plantez-avec-nous" target="_blank"><span><b><span style="color:rgb(0,176,80)">Plantez avec Abres Canada</span></b></span><span></span></a><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
</td>
<td><span></span>
</td></tr>
<tr style="height:2.6pt">
<td width="580" style="width:434.7pt;padding:0.75pt;height:2.6pt">
<span></span></td>
<td><span></span>
</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<span></span></td>
<td><span></span>
</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote></div></div>
</blockquote></div><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><span><br><div dir="ltr" style="margin-left:0pt"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse"><colgroup><col width="99"><col width="483"></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:112px"><td style="border-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:rgb(255,255,255);vertical-align:top;padding:7px"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:14.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap;background-color:transparent"><img src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/AhWxxPie7JkSUy_NPIBf2BHeHvgKOtZCFcnG-l1rO14v1HRq11O9NM7YyZmyduCNeQ529-6L09QtnO_2VmwISnvOIJg16guXFgI_NEapPGtJRD0w6pG_XQSuGbjKqKZzTuJL2tf7" style="border: none;" alt="Edmonton_sig_RGB_S.jpg" width="74" height="74"></span></p></td><td style="border-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:rgb(255,255,255);vertical-align:top;padding:7px"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:14.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-weight:700;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap;background-color:transparent">Mike Jenkins</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="line-height:1.2;font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(81,81,81);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">PEST COORDINATOR<br></span><font color="#515151" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.6667px;white-space:pre-wrap">ANIMAL CARE & PEST MANAGEMENT</span></font></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(81,81,81);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">CITIZEN SERVICES | COMMUNITY STANDARDS & NEIGHBOURHOODS</span></p><br><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(17,85,204);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">780-496-6395</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap"> </span><span style="font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">OFFICE</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(17,85,204);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">780-918-7731</span><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap"> </span><span style="font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">MOBILE</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><br></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(81,81,81);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">CITY OF EDMONTON </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(81,81,81);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">PEST MANAGEMENT</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><font color="#515151" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:12px;line-height:14.4px;white-space:pre-wrap">12312 - 107 ST</span></font></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:12px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(81,81,81);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">Edmonton AB T5G 2S7</span></p><br><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(146,146,146);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">All information contained in this email post is proprietary to the City of Edmonton, confidential and intended only for the addressed recipient. If you have received this post in error, please disregard the contents, inform the sender of the misdirection, and remove it from your system. The copying, dissemination or distribution of this email, if misdirected, is strictly prohibited.</span><span style="font-size:10.6667px;font-family:Arial;color:rgb(146,146,146);vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap"><br><br></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
<br>
<font color="#222222" face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12px"><i>The contents of this message and any attachment(s) are confidential, proprietary to the City of Edmonton, and are intended only for the addressed recipient. If you have received this in error, please disregard the contents, inform the sender of the misdirection, and remove it from your system. The copying, dissemination, or distribution of this message, if misdirected, is strictly prohibited.</i></span></font>