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<div>Urban river banks, navigation corridors, wetlands, some natural reserves, parks, zoo, and arboretum could be areas where sprouts are managed to keep a pantry alive for beetles and account for the population. It’s pest and pathology control not eradication. </div>
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<div>Alike these sprouts are a form of ecological shelter and structure for water birds, urban wildlife and plastic runoff’s.</div>
<div>etc. </div>
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<div>For street tree, small spaces, community squares, they could indicate future hasards. There a balance. <br>
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<div dir="ltr">Elaine
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<blockquote type="cite">Le 5 mars 2021 à 17:47, Stephen Smith via CANUFNET <canufnet@list.web.net> a écrit :<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">They must be thinking that since the beetles chew away at the top of the branches where they meet the stem that more branches means more chewing so more chances to introduce the fungus into the tree.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Stephen Smith<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Urban Forest Associates<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Urban Forestry & Ecological Restoration<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">www.ufora.ca<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Office/fax 416-423-3387<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Cell 416-707-2164<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> CANUFNET <canufnet-bounces@list.web.net>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Mike Jenkins via CANUFNET<br>
<b>Sent:</b> March 5, 2021 3:40 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Canadian Urban Forest Network <canufnet@list.web.net><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Mike Jenkins <mike.jenkins@edmonton.ca><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [CANUFNET] [External email] Question to mailing list members<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">In general, I would think that the wound generated by removing the epicormic growth would be a greater attractant and a greater risk of entry for the beetles than leaving the growth in place.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">The epicormic growth itself could be an indicator of where vascular blockage is occurring - potentially due to gallery formation or fungal growth. The growth then would be a response to an infestation or injury that already occurred, and
not the causative agent of the gallery or fungus. The weaker connections of epicormic growth would also be more vulnerable to being removed accidentally by wind or other factors, again potentially creating an entry point for the beetles. For these reasons
a tree with epicormic growth should be a target of increased monitoring and surveillance.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On Fri, 5 Mar 2021 at 13:14, Russell Eirich via CANUFNET <<a href="mailto:canufnet@list.web.net">canufnet@list.web.net</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Epicormic growth probably means there is some factor causing decline in the overall tree health. This would then correspond to a possible increased beetle predation
with vector transmission of DED.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Just a thought - But I don’t have documented proof either.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US">Russell<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><span lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> CANUFNET <<a href="mailto:canufnet-bounces@list.web.net" target="_blank">canufnet-bounces@list.web.net</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>SOS Trees Coalition via CANUFNET<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, March 5, 2021 1:31 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:canufnet@list.web.net" target="_blank">canufnet@list.web.net</a><br>
<b>Cc:</b> SOS Trees Coalition <<a href="mailto:trees@sostrees.ca" target="_blank">trees@sostrees.ca</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [External email] [CANUFNET] Question to mailing list members<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Here is a question that I would like to have posted to the subscribers:</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Has anyone heard of the need to remove watersprouts from American Elm trunks because they could be a source
of entry for the elm bark beetle? We have been alerted to this by a university researcher who claims that leaving this growth on elms can leave them vulnerable to Dutch Elm disease. I have never heard of this and want to know if anyone has information to
support it.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Linda Moskalyk</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">President</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">SOS Trees Coalition</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Saskatoon</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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