<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Hi Luc:<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Interesting question. Many companies who install utility conduit also install protection material around the conduit. In addition, the depth of the conduit would normally preclude any impact from a falling branch.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">One approach might be to find out from the local utility company how they do their conduit installations - depth below grade as well as insulating or protective materials they might install around the conduit. I would imagine this is done according to a set of Standards and knowing this Standards might better inform the discussion as you would know the specifics.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Kind regards</div><div class="">Naomi</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Arbor Aegis</div><div class="">Urban Forester / Consulting Arborist</div><div class="">Luzern Switzerland<br class=""><div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div lang="EN-CA" link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72" style="word-wrap:break-word" class=""><div class="WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" class=""> </span></p>
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<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm" class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><b class=""><span lang="EN-US" class="">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" class=""> CANUFNET <<a href="mailto:canufnet-bounces@list.web.net" class="">canufnet-bounces@list.web.net</a>>
<b class="">On Behalf Of </b>Luc Rainville via CANUFNET<br class="">
<b class="">Sent:</b> April 28, 2021 10:44 AM<br class="">
<b class="">To:</b> <a href="mailto:canufnet@list.web.net" class="">canufnet@list.web.net</a><br class="">
<b class="">Cc:</b> Luc Rainville <<a href="mailto:lr.rainville.consulting@gmail.com" class="">lr.rainville.consulting@gmail.com</a>><br class="">
<b class="">Subject:</b> [CANUFNET] Tree limbs and potential damage to underground infrastructure<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" class="">Hello CANUFNET, <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></p>
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" class="">I’m working on a file and got an interning question I could not answer.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></p>
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" class="">A concern was brought up with hazard trees, but specifically around the idea of branches from the tops (when falling or being felled) creating a potential for branches to impale and penetrate soils. This concern is expressed
due to the presence of underground buried utilities. <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></p>
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" class="">My assumption is that even if branches impale the soils when a tree comes crashing down, that this would only be for a few centimeters in depth (perhaps up to 20-30cm).<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" class="">Could anyone point me to research that would support this or provide advice on depth in which branches from falling trees could penetrate soils?
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<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></p>
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</div><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" class="">Thanks in advance, <o:p class=""></o:p></span></p>
<div class=""><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b class=""><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size:14.0pt;color:#074D2C" class="">Luc M. Rainville
</span></b><b class=""><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size:13.5pt;color:#074D2C" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b class=""><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size:8.0pt;color:#074D2C" class="">EP, CRSP, ISA Certified Arborist, Can-CISEC | SE, PSAC, Arboriculteur Certifier de l’ISA, Can-CISEC</span></b><span lang="FR-CA" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b class=""><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#074D2C" class="">Consultant & Technical Expert | Expert technique et consultant
</span></b><span lang="FR-CA" style="" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt:2.4pt"><b class=""><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size:14.0pt;color:#074D2C" class="">EastElm
<o:p class=""></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:2.4pt"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size:1.5pt;color:#074D2C" class=""> </span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size: 8.5pt;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:12.0pt"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size:8.5pt;color:#074D2C" class="">p / t : 403-702-6648 <b class="">| </b>e / c: </span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size: 8.5pt;" class=""><a href="mailto:lr.rainville.consulting@gmail.com%20" class="">lr.rainville.consulting@gmail.com
</a> </span><b class=""><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size:8.5pt;color:#074D2C" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:12.0pt"><b class=""><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size:8.5pt;color:#074D2C" class=""> </span></b><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size:8.5pt;color:#074D2C" class="">w / i: </span><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size: 8.5pt;" class=""><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/eastelm" class="">https://www.linkedin.com/company/eastelm</a><o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:12.0pt"><span lang="FR-CA" style="font-size:8.5pt;color:#074D2C" class="">a / c : 81 Séguinbourg, Casselman, ON | K0A 1M0</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="" class="">
<o:p class=""></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:12.0pt"><span lang="FR-CA" style="" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></p>
</div><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt:2.4pt"><b class=""><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt;color:#074D2C" class="">"Notice: It's OK to print this email. Paper is a biodegradable, renewable, sustainable product made from trees. Growing and harvesting trees provides
jobs for millions... Working forests are good for the environment and provide clean air and water, wildlife habitat and carbon storage…" (Leavell & Owen, 2011)<o:p class=""></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt:2.4pt"><b class=""><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt;color:#074D2C" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt:2.4pt"><b class=""><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt;color:#074D2C" class="">"If wildness can stop being (just) out there and start being (also) in here, if it can start being as humane as it is natural, then perhaps we
can get on with the unending task of struggling to live rightly in the world—not just in the garden, not just in the wilderness, but in the home that encompasses them both." (Cronon, 1995)<o:p class=""></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt:2.4pt"><b class=""><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt;color:#074D2C" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt:2.4pt"><b class=""><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt;color:#074D2C" class="">“Introduced plants, animals, and pathogens often pose an initially hidden but eventually monumental problem...Their harmful effects are often
subtle and surreptitious, but the eventual impacts on the economy or natural environment are no less real, and [are] often disastrous and even irreversible.” (Daniel Simberloff, 1996)<o:p class=""></o:p></span></b></p>
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