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<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Hi Ian,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We see a lot of different standards among communities with and without boulevard planting strips and the outcomes really vary. In new subdivision construction, the removal of topsoil affects long-term tree growth potential on both the private
and public realm side. The road construction standards are focused on compacting soil to remove air voids and making it more difficult for water to flow through and the drainage standards are focused on taking the water away from the site quickly and efficiently.
Unfortunately, our objectives for creating site conditions to grow trees are often at odds with the engineers’ standards.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">To add to the debate, I don’t think there’s a universally observable performance outcome for each approach – other than garbage soil in, garbage tree out. Either approach can succeed or fail so soil standards and enforcement are critical.
The monolithic sidewalk may be simpler to implement at the construction stage but there are trade-offs. I think in the end it’s a matter of the character you’re going for.
<o:p></o:p></p>
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<td width="66" valign="top" style="width:49.35pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="378" valign="top" style="width:10.0cm;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Boulevard strip<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="472" valign="top" style="width:354.35pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Monolithic sidewalk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
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<td width="66" valign="top" style="width:49.35pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Pros<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
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<ul style="margin-top:0cm" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">Shade over street and sidewalk<o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">Enables formation of uniform avenue planting character<o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">Pedestrians buffered from roadway
<o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">More of a defined public realm<o:p></o:p></li></ul>
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<ul style="margin-top:0cm" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">If public ROW is narrow so boulevard is <1.5 m, then best to have tree adjacent to private yard<o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">Creates a more mixed streetscape outcome if the informal character is preferred<o:p></o:p></li></ul>
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<td width="66" valign="top" style="width:49.35pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Cons<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
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<ul style="margin-top:0cm" type="disc">
<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">To be effective, construction standards must actually provide soil in the boulevard and enable root egress under sidewalk (with structural soil or soil bridge) and standards must be
enforced (otherwise you end up with road base underneath, a few cm of topsoil and buckled sidewalks after 10 years). Minimum width of 2 m is recommended because services often end up in the boulevard.<o:p></o:p></li></ul>
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<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">People often think of the blended public/private boulevard as their private space, more often refuse the tree planting or remove the tree – it’s harder to get that continuous public
tree planting<o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">Trees grow over property lines<o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">Usually public servicing will still go in at the back of the sidewalk because they don’t want to put it under the sidewalk, then private servicing goes in and often eliminates the
planting space on the private side, or the tree ends up planted on top (this is always going to be a problem on small lots with a driveway because they don’t want servicing under the driveway)<o:p></o:p></li></ul>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">My opinion<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">For new subdivision designs, ensure that the public realm ROW is big enough to provide at least 2 m of planting width, preferably in a boulevard strip with a soil bridge to the yard
side or to the next planting area, or if that’s not possible then go with monolithic and planting at the back of the sidewalk. Enforce the boulevard/landscaping standards for soil volume and try to require topsoil retention and reuse.
<o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">If it’s a small lot subdivision, create the boulevard strip because the yards will be too small for a good sized tree and servicing. We only get one shot to create the public realm
in green field developments and it seems shortsighted to accept a narrow ROW.<o:p></o:p></li><li class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3">In older areas where trees are growing well, do everything you can to prevent complete road renewal and keep whatever is left underneath.<o:p></o:p></li></ul>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Winnipeg old and new development styles<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="409" height="307" style="width:4.2583in;height:3.2in" id="Picture_x0020_8" src="cid:image003.jpg@01D7B6AE.34BBB300"><img width="410" height="307" style="width:4.275in;height:3.2in" id="_x0000_i1031" src="cid:image006.png@01D7B6AE.34BBB300"></span><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Calgary<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><img width="444" height="292" style="width:4.625in;height:3.0416in" id="Picture_x0020_5" src="cid:image008.jpg@01D7B6AE.EFA3C090"><img width="389" height="290" style="width:4.05in;height:3.025in" id="_x0000_i1029" src="cid:image007.jpg@01D7B6AE.EFA3C090"></span><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Trevor Thistle’s observation of older neighbourhoods ring true for me. The soil wasn’t removed in older parts of cities and even with a lot of compaction over time and loss of pervious cover, trees can thrive if the underlying soil structure
is suitable (see the image spread below of plane trees from 1888 to 1945 to 2013). If your trees are growing well, do everything you can to prevent full road renewal!<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><img width="264" height="225" style="width:2.75in;height:2.3416in" id="Picture_x0020_4" src="cid:image001.jpg@01D7B6AD.4ECA30B0" alt="IGA_11_1_2013_17_3_20_419"><img width="296" height="217" style="width:3.0833in;height:2.2583in" id="Picture_x0020_3" src="cid:image002.jpg@01D7B6AD.4ECA30B0"><img width="289" height="216" style="width:3.0083in;height:2.25in" id="_x0000_i1026" src="cid:image004.jpg@01D7B6AD.4ECA30B0"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:16.2pt;line-height:16.0pt;background:white">
<b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#444444">Amelia Needoba | Principal | PMP, ISA Cert. Arb (she/her)<br>
</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">3559 Commercial Street</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#222222"> | Vancouver | V5N 4E8</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#999999"><br>
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#538135"><a href="http://www.diamondheadconsulting.com/" target="_blank"><span style="color:#538135">Diamond Head Consulting</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#999999"> P </span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#538135"><a href="tel:604.733.4886" target="_blank"><span style="color:#538135">604.733.4886</span></a> ext.
233</span></u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#999999"> F </span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#538135"><a href="tel:604.733.4879" target="_blank"><span style="color:#538135">604.733.4879</span></a></span></u><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:#222222"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> CANUFNET <canufnet-bounces@list.web.net>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Ian Wilson via CANUFNET<br>
<b>Sent:</b> September 28, 2021 12:59 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'canufnet@list.web.net' <canufnet@list.web.net><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Ian Wilson <IWilson@kelowna.ca><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [CANUFNET] Trees and boulevards<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div style="border:solid #9C6500 1.0pt;padding:2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt 2.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:12.0pt;background:#FFEB9C"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#9C6500">CAUTION:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not
click links or open attachments unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">All, we are having a bit of an internal debate about standards for local/residential roads and boulevards. My observation is that trees that are planted in a boulevard behind a monolithic sidewalk (sidewalk up against
the curb and planting area next to the property) generally do better. They have access to more soil volume in the front yard, they get more water and the boulevard is tidier since the homeowner treats it like part of their yard. Also fewer issues with roots
lifting sidewalks. Some of our staff prefer the separated treed boulevard, for various reasons. Note, I’m not talking about busier roads where the trees in boulevards help to form a barrier from traffic.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">We don’t have a lot of good examples here that directly show a comparison. Does anybody have some photos that might show the performance of trees on one side of the road in a separated boulevard, vs. trees on the other
side behind the sidewalk?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Below is an example that doesn’t exactly show this, but it does show the value of soil volume, with the trees on the left side being able to access the lawn area behind the sidewalk, vs. the trees in “coffins” on the
right. These are lindens planted at the same time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><img border="0" width="989" height="688" style="width:10.3in;height:7.1666in" id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image005.jpg@01D7B6AD.4ECA30B0"></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif;color:#0073CF">Ian Wilson</span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif;color:#262626"><br>
</span><span lang="EN" style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif">Infrastructure Operations Manager | City of Kelowna<br>
250-469-8842 | </span><a href="mailto:iwilson@kelowna.ca"><span lang="EN" style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif">iwilson@kelowna.ca</span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif"><br>
</span><span lang="EN" style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif">Submit a request for service on the go |
</span><a href="https://can01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fkelowna.ca%2F&data=04%7C01%7Camelia%40diamondheadconsulting.com%7C1776b1418e8e425cb95408d9835cc915%7C36c9e1fa9ad14c25997b6ddc542a83f3%7C0%7C0%7C637685256802921352%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=8Jud%2B5r7c2atbaMmcCDwFpiqzFn8EAo0R4EOumzwawk%3D&reserved=0"><span lang="EN" style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif;color:blue">kelowna.ca</span></a><span lang="EN" style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif;color:black;background:white">I acknowledge that my workplace is located on the traditional, ancestral, unceded territory of the syilx/Okanagan people</span></i><i><span style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif">.</span></i><span lang="EN" style="font-family:"Corbel",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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